Ke kūʻai aku nei i nā paipu kila galvanized kiʻekiʻe
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka paipu kila i loko o ke anuanu galvanized steel pipe a me ka hot-dip galvanized steel pipe. Ua pāpā ʻia ka paipu kila galvanized anuanu, a ua ʻōlelo ʻia ka mea hope e ka mokuʻāina e hoʻohana no ka manawa pōkole. I nā makahiki 1960 a me 1970, ua hoʻomaka nā ʻāina i kūkulu ʻia i ka honua e kūkulu i nā paipu hou, a ua pāpā ʻia nā paipu galvanized i kēlā me kēia. Ua hōʻike maopopo ʻia e ke Kuhina o ke kūkulu hale ʻo Kina a me nā ʻoihana ʻehā a me nā komisina ua pāpā ʻia nā paipu galvanized ma ke ʻano he paipu wai mai ka makahiki 2000. ʻAʻole hoʻohana ʻia nā paipu galvanized i nā paipu wai anuanu ma nā kaiāulu hou, a ua hoʻohana ʻia nā paipu galvanized i nā paipu wai wela. ma kekahi mau kaiaulu. Hot dip galvanized steel pipe ua hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka hakakā ahi, ka mana uila a me ke ala ākea. Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā paipu kila wela wela i ke kūkulu ʻana, nā mīkini, ka ʻeli lanahu, ka ʻoihana kemika, ka mana uila, nā kaʻa kaʻa, nā ʻoihana kaʻa, nā alaloa, nā alahaka, nā ipu, nā mea haʻuki, nā mīkini mahiʻai, nā mīkini ʻaila, nā mīkini ʻimi a me nā ʻoihana hana ʻē aʻe.
Paipu kila weluwelu me ka uhi wela a i ʻole electro galvanized ma ka ʻili o ka paipu kila. Hiki i ka Galvanizing ke hoʻonui i ka pale ʻana o nā paipu kila a hoʻolōʻihi i ko lākou ola lawelawe. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka paipu Galvanized. Ma waho aʻe o ka hoʻohana ʻia ʻana e like me ka pipeline pipeline no ka hoʻouna ʻana i ka wai, ke kinoea, ka aila a me nā wai haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, hoʻohana ʻia ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he paipu aila a me ka paipu hoʻoili ʻaila i ka ʻoihana ʻaila, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā māla aila o waho, ka mea hoʻomehana aila, condensate cooler. a me ka aila holoi lanahu mea hoʻololi o nā lako coking kemika, trestle paipu puʻu, kākoʻo ka paipu o koʻu tunnel, a pela aku. . Hot dip galvanizing mea e pickle mua i ka paipu kila. I mea e wehe ai i ka hao oxide ma luna o ka ʻili o ka paipu kila, ma hope o ka pickling, ua hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia i loko o ka ammonium chloride a i ʻole zinc chloride aqueous solution a i ʻole ammonium chloride a me ka zinc chloride i hui pū ʻia i ka pahu wai wai, a laila hoʻouna ʻia i ka pahu galvanizing wai wela. Loaʻa i ka Hot dip galvanizing nā mea maikaʻi o ka uhi ʻaʻahu, ka hoʻopili ikaika a me ke ola lawelawe lōʻihi. ʻO ka matrix o ka paipu kila hoʻoheheʻe wela he paʻakikī ko ke kino a me ke kemika me ka hoʻoheheʻe hoʻoheheʻe ʻia e hana ai i kahi papa zinc ferroalloy kūpaʻa ʻole me ka hana paʻa. Hoʻohui ʻia ka ʻāpana alloy me ka ʻāpana zinc maʻemaʻe a me ka matrix paipu kila, no laila ke kūpaʻa ikaika ka corrosion. ʻO ka paipu galvanized anuanu he electro galvanized. He liʻiliʻi loa ka nui o ka galvanized, 10-50g / m2 wale nō. He ʻokoʻa loa kona kūʻē ʻana i ka corrosion mai ka paipu galvanized hot-dip. I mea e hōʻoia ai i ka maikaʻi, ʻaʻole hoʻohana ka hapa nui o nā mea hana paipu galvanized maʻamau i ka electro galvanizing (cold plating). ʻO kēlā mau ʻoihana liʻiliʻi wale nō me ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi a me nā mea kahiko e hoʻohana i ka electro galvanizing, ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o kā lākou kumukūʻai. Ua hoʻolaha kūkala ke Kuhina o ke kūkulu hale e hoʻopau ʻia nā paipu galvanized anuanu me ka ʻenehana hope a ʻaʻole e hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he paipu wai a me ke kinoea. ʻO ka papa galvanized o ke anuanu o ka paipu kila he mea electroplating, a ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka papa zinc mai ka substrate paipu kila. He lahilahi ka papa zinc, a ua hoʻopili wale ʻia ka papa zinc i ka matrix pipe kila, kahi maʻalahi e hāʻule. No laila, ʻilihune kona pale ʻana i ka corrosion. I nā hale hou, pāpā ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā paipu kila galvanized ma ke ʻano he paipu wai.
ʻO ka mānoanoa pā inoa (mm): 2.0, 2.5, 2.8, 3.2, 3.5, 3.8, 4.0, 4.5.
Nā ʻāpana helu helu (c): 1.064, 1.051, 1.045, 1.040, 1.036, 1.034, 1.032, 1.028.
E hoʻomaopopo: ʻo ka waiwai mechanical o ke kila he mea nui ia e hōʻoia i ka hana hope loa o ka lawelawe (mechanical property) o ke kila, e hilinaʻi ana i ka haku mele a me ka ʻōnaehana mālama wela o ke kila. I ke kūlana paipu kila, e like me nā koi lawelawe like ʻole, ʻike ʻia nā waiwai tensile (ikaika tensile, ikaika hua a i ʻole yield point, elongation), paʻakikī a paʻakikī, a me nā waiwai kiʻekiʻe a haʻahaʻa e koi ʻia e nā mea hoʻohana.
Papa kila: q215a; Q215B; Q235A; Q235B.
Ka waiwai ho'āʻo kaomi / MPA: d10.2-168.3mm ka 3Mpa; ʻO D177.8-323.9mm ka 5MPa
National standard a me dimension standard of galvanized pipe
ʻO GB / t3091-2015 i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka paipu kila no ka lawe haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa
ʻO ka paipu kila i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ke kaula pololei (GB / t13793-2016)
GB / t21835-2008 welded kila paipu ana a me ke kaumaha no ka wae lōʻihi
ʻO ka hoʻohana maʻamau o ka paipu galvanized ʻo ka paipu hao i hoʻohana ʻia no ke kinoea a me ka hoʻomehana ʻana he paipu galvanized. Ma ke ʻano he paipu wai, hoʻopuka ka paipu galvanized i ka nui o ka ʻōpala i loko o ka paipu ma hope o kekahi mau makahiki o ka hoʻohana ʻana. ʻAʻole hoʻohaumia wale ka wai melemele i nā mea maʻemaʻe, akā hui pū ʻia me nā hua bacteria ma ka paia o loko. ʻO ka corrosion ke kumu o ka nui o nā metala kaumaha i loko o ka wai a hoʻopilikia nui i ke olakino kanaka.
Penei ke kaʻina hana: paipu ʻeleʻele - holoi alkali - holoi wai - acid pickling - holoi me ka wai maʻemaʻe - Leaching additives - hoʻomaloʻo - hot dip galvanizing - Puhi waho - puhi kūloko - hoʻoluʻu ea - hoʻoluʻu wai - passivation - holoi wai - Nānā - ke kaupaona - hale waihona kālā.
1. ʻO ka brand a me ka haku mele
ʻO ka papa a me ka hana kemika o ke kila no ka paipu kila galvanized e hoʻokō me ka papa a me ka haku mele kila no ka paipu ʻeleʻele i kuhikuhi ʻia ma GB / t3091.
2. Hana hana
ʻO keʻano hana o ka paipuʻeleʻele (ka umu ahi a iʻole ka uila uila) e kohoʻia e ka mea hana. E hoʻohana ʻia ke ʻano hana hoʻoheheʻe wela no ka galvanizing.
3. Uila a me ka paipu hui
(a) No nā paipu kila galvanized i hāʻawi ʻia me nā kaula, e hoʻohuli ʻia nā wili ma hope o ka galvanizing. E hoʻokō ke kaula me Yb 822.
(b) Pono nā hui paipu kila me ka Yb 238; ʻO nā hui paipu hao maʻalahi e hoʻokō me Yb 230.
4. Pono nā waiwai mechanical o nā paipu kila ma mua o ke galvanizing e ho'okō i nā mea o GB 3091.
5. E ho'āʻo ʻia ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o ka pale galvanized galvanized steel pipes no ka kūlike o ka galvanized coating. E hoʻokomo mau ʻia ka laʻana o ka paipu kila i loko o ka solution copper sulfate no 5 mau manawa a ʻaʻole e ʻulaʻula (ke kala keleawe).
6. ʻO ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ke anu: ʻo ka paipu kila galvanized me ke anawaena nominal ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 50mm e hoʻāʻo ʻia i ka hoʻāʻo anu. ʻO 90 ° ka huina kulou, a ʻo ka radius kulou he 8 manawa o ke anawaena o waho. I ka wā o ka hoʻāʻo ʻole me ka hoʻopiha ʻole, e kau ʻia ka weld o ka hāpana ma waho a i ʻole ʻaoʻao o luna o ke kuhikuhi ʻana. Ma hope o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana, pono ʻole ka hāpana i nā māwae a me ka spalling o ka papa zinc.
7. ʻO ka hoʻāʻo hydrostatic e mālama ʻia ka hoʻāʻo hydrostatic ma ka paipu ʻeleʻele, a i ʻole eddy eddy i kēia manawa hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma kahi o ka hydrostatic test. ʻO ka ho'āʻo ho'āʻo a iʻole ka nui o ka hoʻohālikelike hoʻohālikelike no kaʻikeʻana i ka hewa o kēia manawa e hoʻokō i nā'ōlelo o GB 3092. ʻO ka waiwai mechanical o ke kila he mea helu nui ia e hōʻoia ai i ka hana hope loa (mechanical property) o ke kila,
① Ka ikaika uʻi (σ b): ʻo ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe loa (FB) i lawe ʻia e ka mea hoʻohālike i ka wā o ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa, puʻunaue ʻia e ka ʻāpana keʻa mua (pēlā) o ka specimen（(σ), Kapa ʻia ka ikaika tensile(σ b), ma N / mm2 (MPA). Hōʻike ia i ka hiki ke kiʻekiʻe loa o nā mea metala e pale aku i ka hāʻule ʻole ma lalo o ka ʻāʻī. ʻAuhea: FB -- ka ikaika nui loa i lawe ʻia e ka hāpana i ka wā i haki ai, n (Newton); No laila -- ʻāpana keʻa mua o ka laʻana, mm2.
② Ke kiko hua (σ s): no nā mea metala me ka hanana hua, ke koʻikoʻi i ka wā e hiki ai i ka specimen ke hoʻomau i ka elongate me ka hoʻonui ʻole ʻana (mālama mau) i ke koʻikoʻi i ka wā o ke kaʻina tensile, i kapa ʻia ʻo ka helu hua. Inā emi ke koʻikoʻi, e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā kiko o luna a me lalo. ʻO ka ʻāpana o ka helu huaʻai ʻo n / mm2 (MPA). ʻO ke kiko o luna (σ Su): ke koʻikoʻi kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka emi ʻana o ke koʻikoʻi o ka hāpana no ka manawa mua; Kekahi hua haʻahaʻa (σ SL): ʻo ke koʻikoʻi liʻiliʻi ma ka pae hoʻohua ke nānā ʻole ʻia ka hopena koke mua. Kahi: FS -- hāʻawi i ke koʻikoʻi (mau) o ka hāpana i ka wā hoʻopaʻapaʻa, n (Newton) pēlā -- ʻāpana keʻa mua o ka hāpana, mm2.
③ ʻO ka lōʻihi ma hope o ka haʻihaʻi ʻana: (σ) Ma ka hoʻāʻo tensile, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka pākēneka o ka lōʻihi e ka lōʻihi ana o ka hāpana ma hope o ka haki ʻana i ka lōʻihi kumu mua i kapa ʻia ʻo elongation. me σ Hōʻike ʻia ma%. Kahi: L1 -- ana ka lōʻihi ma hope o ka haki ʻana o ka laʻana, mm; L0 -- ana ka lōʻihi o ka laʻana, mm.
④ Hoʻemi o ka ʻāpana:(ψ) Ma ka hoʻāʻo ʻana, ʻo ka pākēneka ma waena o ka hōʻemi kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻāpana cross-sectional i ke anawaena i hoʻemi ʻia a me ka ʻāpana cross-sectional mua ma hope o ka haki ʻana o ka specimen i kapa ʻia ʻo ka emi ʻana o ka ʻāpana. me ψ Hōʻike ʻia ma%. Kahi: S0 -- ʻāpana kea mua o ka hāpana, mm2; S1 -- ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ʻāpana keʻa ma ke anawaena hoʻemi ma hope o ka haki ʻana o ka laʻana, mm2.
⑤ Helu paʻakikī: ʻo ka hiki i nā mea metala ke kūʻē i ka ʻili o nā mea paʻakikī. E like me nā ʻano hoʻokolohua like ʻole a me ka laulā noi, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka paʻakikī i Brinell hardness, Rockwell hardness, Vickers hardness, shore hardness, microhardness and high temperature hardness. Hoʻohana mau ʻia ka paʻakikī ʻo Brinell, Rockwell a me Vickers no nā paipu.
ʻO Brinell hardness (HB): e kaomi i ka pōpō kila a i ʻole ka pōpō carbide cemented me kahi anawaena i loko o ka ʻili hoʻohālike me ka ikaika hoʻāʻo i kuhikuhi ʻia (f), e hoʻoneʻe i ka ikaika hoʻāʻo ma hope o ka manawa paʻa i ʻōlelo ʻia, a ana i ke anawaena indentation (L) ma ka ʻili hoʻohālike. ʻO ka helu paʻakikī ʻo Brinell ka quotient i loaʻa ma ka puʻunaue ʻana i ka ikaika hoʻāʻo e ka ʻāpana spherical o ka indentation. Hōʻike ʻia ma ka HBS (pōpō kila), ʻāpana: n / mm2 (MPA).
(1) Kalapona; ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ke kalapona, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka paʻakikī o ke kila, akā ʻoi aku ka ʻino o kona plasticity a me ka paʻakikī
(2) Sulfur; He mea haumia ʻino i ke kila. He mea maʻalahi ka hao me ka sulfur kiʻekiʻe i ka wā e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ai ke kaomi ʻana i ka wela kiʻekiʻe, i kapa ʻia ʻo thermal embrittlement.
(3) Phosphorus; Hiki iā ia ke hoʻemi nui i ka plasticity a me ka paʻakikī o ke kila, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. Ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻano ʻano ʻano ʻino. I ke kila kiʻekiʻe, pono e hoʻomalu ponoʻia ka sulfur a me ka phosphorus. Ma ka lima ʻē aʻe, loaʻa i ke kila kalapona haʻahaʻa ka sulfur kiʻekiʻe a me ka phosphorus, hiki iā ia ke maʻalahi i ka ʻoki ʻana, kahi mea e pono ai e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka machinability o ke kila.
(4) Manganese; Hiki iā ia ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ikaika o ke kila, nāwaliwali a hoʻopau i nā hopena ʻino o ka sulfur, a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka paʻakikī o ke kila. ʻO ke kila kila kiʻekiʻe (ke kila manganese kiʻekiʻe) me ka ʻike manganese kiʻekiʻe he kūpaʻa maikaʻi ke kapa a me nā waiwai kino ʻē aʻe
(5) Silika; Hiki iā ia ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka paʻakikī o ke kila, akā ke emi nei ka plasticity a me ka paʻakikī. Loaʻa i ke kila uila kekahi nui o ke silika, hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i nā waiwai magnetic palupalu
(6) Tungsten; Hiki iā ia ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ʻulaʻula paʻakikī a me ka ikaika wela o ke kila, a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pale ʻana o ke kila
(7) Chromium; Hiki iā ia ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka paʻakikī a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana o ke kila, a hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kūpaʻa corrosion a me ke kūpaʻa oxidation o ke kila
I mea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion o ka paipu kila, ua galvanized ka paipu kila maʻamau (pipa ʻeleʻele). Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka paipu kila galvanized i ka galvanizing wela a me ke kila kila zinc. He mānoanoa ka papa galvanizing wela a he haʻahaʻa ke kumukūʻai o ka galvanizing uila, no laila aia ka paipu kila.
